The Facts About the Chinese Moon Festival

If youre planning to attend a Chinese Moon Festival or simply want to know more about a festival youve previously attended, this review will better acquaint you with the origins of the festival, the traditional foods associated with it and the different ways its celebrated. This festival is one of many observed in  China, which is home to a number of  traditional celebrations.   Also known as the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Chinese Moon Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. Its one of the most important traditional events for the Chinese.   The Legend Behind the Fest The Moon Festival is rooted in many different myths. Legend traces the story to a hero named Hou Yi, who lived during a time when there were 10 suns in the sky. This caused people to die, so Hou Yi shot down nine of the suns and was given an elixir by the Queen of Heaven to make him immortal.  But Hou Yi didnt drink the elixir because he wanted to remain with his wife, Change (pronounced Chung-err). So, he told her  to watch over the potion. One day a student of Hou Yi tried to steal the elixir from her, and Change drank it to foil his plans. Afterward, ​she flew to the moon, and people have prayed to her for fortune ever since. Shes presented with a variety of food offerings during the Moon Fest, and festival-goers swear that they can spot Change dancing on the  moon during the festival.   What Happens During the Celebration The Moon Festival is also an occasion for family reunions. When the full moon rises, families get together to watch the full moon, eat moon cakes  and sing moon poems. Together, the full moon, the legend, the family gatherings and the poems recited during the event make the festival a great cultural observance. That is why the Chinese are so fond of the Moon Festival. Although the Moon Festival is a place where families congregate, it is also considered a romantic occasion. The festival legend, after all, is about a couple, Hou Yi and Change, who are madly in love and devoted to one another. Traditionally, lovers spent romantic nights at the event tasting delicious moon cake and drinking wine while watching the full moon. The moon cake, however, isnt just for couples. It is the ​traditional  food consumed during the Moon Festival. The Chinese eat the moon cake at night with the full moon in the sky.   When circumstances prevent couples from getting together during the event, they pass the night by watching the moon at the same time so it seems as if  they are together for the night. A great number of poems has been devoted to this romantic festival.   As the Chinese have spread out across the globe, one neednt be in China to partake in the Moon Festival. Celebrations are held in countries that are home to large Chinese populations.

Fyodor Dostoyevskys Crime And Punishment - 1383 Words

Written by Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment has become one of the most distinguished novels to dissect the physiology of the criminal mind. The intricate storyline allows for the clashing of criminality and morals as main character, Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov, develops the configuration of his future. Not alone, Dmitri Prokofych Razumikhin, assists in the uneasiness Raskolikov comes across throughout his mental struggle. The pair then demonstrates the idea of physiological intuition and the reactants of tension that follow. However, as they experience similar events, each individual portrays their own attributes and qualities of life in different ways. With this, Raskolinov and Razumikhin demonstrate similar ideologies along†¦show more content†¦Razumikhin was there for his dear friend and once again was taking care of his wellbeing. Unlike Raskolinov, Razumikhin’s lifestyle is in favor of others as he consistently tends to their needs. Throughout the story , Raskolinov and Razumikhin appear to have a more unique relationship then others. Due to Raskolinov’s unbalanced emotions, he seeks Razumikhin as one of his only outlets for human contact. He may not always show it, but deep down he cherishes Razumikhin and all that he has done for him throughout his journey. On multiple occasions, Raskolinov had fallen ill and only Razumikhin was there to care for his conditions and make him more stable. Razumikhin on the other hand described Raskolinov as two different characters. In part three, chapter two, he states: â€Å"He does not like showing his feelings and would rather do a cruel thing than open his heart freely. Sometimes, though, he is not at all morbid, but simply cold and inhumanly callous; it’s as though he were alternating between two characters† (Dostoyevsky 386-387). Overall, Raskolinov fails to show much gratitude and emotion towards his dear friend Razumikhin, however, Razumikhin understands who Raskolinov truly is and respects that. They are able to interpret each other clearly and build off of the experiences they share making their relationship stronger. TheirShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Fyodor Dostoyevskys Crime And Punishment902 Words   |  4 Pagesstability. When one is rapidly taken out of their native environment, they are forced into deep depression and anguish. When Sofya Sonia Semyonovna Marmeladov is forced to undergo this experience of exile after prostitution in Fyodor Dostoyevskys 1866 novel Crime and Punishment, readers are able to see the experiences psychological effects on her as she is cut off from her home and family because of her social status. 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Raskolnikov’s mental instability is a parallel to Russia’s long history of unstable and poorly designed government systems. To better understand the events that led up to radical and Slavophile movements in Russia, and to better understandRead MoreThe Themes of Dostoyevsky2976 Words   |  12 Pages The Themes of Dostoyevsky Fyodor Dostoyevsky, born in 1821, would become one of the greatest writers in Russian literature. Fyodor received an education in engineering in St. Petersburg, but decided to follow a literary career. He was a person who wrote how they felt about certain topics, and felt that everyone should know about the government. Dostoyevsky joined the underground group, the Petrashevsky circle, the to bring out the truth in these books, which were forbidden in the public. ThroughRead More Moral Conflicts in Crime and Punishment Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesMoral Conflicts in Fydor Dostoyevskys Crime and Punishment  Ã‚   Crime and Punishment by Fydor Dostoyevsky has been hailed as the greatest literary work in the Western hemisphere. Crime and Punishment was written in pre-Communist Russia under the Tsar. Dostoyevskys writing shows insight into the human mind that is at once frightening and frighteningly real. His main character, around who all other characters are introduced, is Rodion Romanovitch Raskolnikov. Raskolnikov murders an old pawnbrokerRead MoreEssay about The Problem of God in Devils and The Brothers Karamazov3570 Words   |  15 Pageshoped to focus the work around a question with which I have been tormented, consciously or unconsciously all my life--that is, the existence of God.1 Dostoyevskys personal struggle with the question of faith, and also his own experience with trying doubts as a believer, are manifested in the characters he writes. A large number of Dostoyevskys books are written within the framework of a Christian doctrine, juxtaposing characterizations of believers and non-believers, enforcing the ultimate good

Anthropology Exam Review Free Essays

string(265) " households and parental support in maintaining the marriage Cons No real feelings of love for other person Couple’s personal desires aren’t as important Religion: Cultural beliefs of the supernatural that people use to cope with problems of existence\." The scientific study of humans, Including their origins, behavior and physical, cultural and social development. Cultural Anthropology: Explore how culture has shaped people In the past and present day. Physical Anthropology: Explore where human species came from, how our bodies developed In the present form, and what makes us unique. We will write a custom essay sample on Anthropology Exam Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now Psychology: The scientific study of the human mind, mental states, and human behavior. Sociology: The scientific study of human social behavior, including individuals, groups, and societies. Inquiry Model: A scientific model used to organize thoughts, observations and relevant scientific information leading us to new questions and ideas. Identify the problem or question Develop a hypothesis Gather data Analyze the data Draw conclusion Archaeology: Excavate physical remains of past cultures to understand and reconstruct them. Some study cultures with no written record (prehistory) or study sites that have a recorded history to supplement their understanding of the culture. Linguistic Anthropology: Study human languages and how language affects and expresses culture. Ethnology: The study of the origins and cultures of deferent races and peoples. They are concerned with marriage customs, kinship patterns, political and economic systems, religion, art, music and technology. Most often study a culture through participant observation. Humans vs.. Primates Similarities Differences The bond between mother and infant is important for survival Humans are the only primates adapted to Bipedal Have a very long infant dependency period (Time until an individual can reproduce) Humans have the longest infant dependency period of any other mammal Have eminence hierarchies and aggression among the males for access to food and females Humans are the only primates with a symbolic, spoken language and the physical ability of speech Groom or clean one another Humans are the only primates who live In groups and mate In pairs Communicate through facial expressions, touch, visualization, and body language Humans develop grasping feet, forward facing eyes and relatively large brains Pharmacology: Study the anatomy and behaviors of living primates. Paleontology: The study of human ancestors based on evidence from distant evolutionary past. Human Variation: Genetic differences between people and populations to understand the differences between pe ople. They try to find out how and why human beings are different and try to understand these differences from an evolutionary perspective. Forensic Anthropology: Help legal agencies to identify human remains after mass disasters, wars, homicides, suicides, or accidental deaths. They are usually paleontologists or archaeologists who have spent years studying human bones and fossils. Culture: All of the learned behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, and ideals of a particular society or population. Culture is Learned: a We learn most thoughts, behaviors and values we continue to learn for our life Culture is Shared: a If a group or society thinks or acts in particular ways, those become part of culture b If a small group shares cultural value, they may belong to a SUBCULTURE: Share characteristics of the overall culture, but also have important distinctive ideas and behaviors Culture Defines Nature: a Culture can limit, fulfill, expand or in other ways influence our biological needs and inherited tendencies Culture Shapes how we perceive and Understand the World: Ex. Intuit have numerous ways to describe snow because it was important to their survival Culture has Patterns: a Cultures aren’t random collections of belief and behavior; if one aspect changes, so do others b Underlying cultures are certain core values and world views that are usually taken for granted by members of the culture c We are often unaware of the values we hold because they seem self-evident Unstructured Interview: No questions are pre-established and the researcher has little control over a respondent’s answers. Pros: Allow researcher to test out his or her initial ideas and can lead to a greater understanding of the topic Cons: May be deception between interviewer and interviewee Semi-structured Interview: Go with an outline of types of information wanted but not a strict list of questions. Pros: Good if you have one chance to meet the person Cons: It can be easy to stray away from the topic you need info on Structured Interview: Use a set list of questions t hat don’t change. Should be used when researcher is very clear on the topic and other information is easily available. Pros: Can be used efficiently by non-experts Does not require relationship Can produce consistent data Cons: Cannot adapt to change and are closed questions May obtain limited answers Participant Observation: Observes a group and participates as a member. Kinship Systems Bilinear: A system of family descent where blood links and rights of inheritance through both male and female ancestors are of equal importance. Matrilineal: Societies in which descent is traced through mothers rather than through fathers. Patrimonial: A system in which family descent is reckoned through the blood links of males. Types of Marriage Monogamy: A relationship where an individual has one partner. Pros Only legal type of marriage in Canada Loyalty to each other Prevents Sexually Transmitted Infections Cons Higher divorce rate Change partners over a lifetime High divorce and remarriage rate Polygamy: A form of marriage that involves multiple partners. Pros Symbol of wealth and acquiring wealth Man is cared for by multiple people Enjoy company of copies Emotionally and financially difficult Unequal love Confusion of family Bridgewater (A cultural system where the groom must pay a father in order to marry his daughter Polyandry: A form of marriage with one wife and multiple husbands pros Lots of space Sexual rights and economic responsibilities Can respond to different environmental and social constraints Cons Increased workload Must look after all husbands Love Marriage: A person chooses who they want to marry. Choose your life partner Personal desires are important 50% percent divorce rate in USA, and 33% in Canada Families may not be close since one family may not like the other Arranged Marriage: Someone else chooses the spouse for the person. Pros Only 5-7% divorce rate Close family ties, extended family households and parental support in maintaining the marriage Cons No real feelings of love for other person Couple’s personal desires aren’t as important Religion: Cultural beliefs of the supernatural that people use to cope with problems of existence. You read "Anthropology Exam Review" in category "Papers" Religious questions help people to understand ultimate questions such as: Why are we here? What is death? Why does evil happen to some and not others? Religion satisfies psychological needs common to all people in the faces of uncertainty Religion provides community and affirms a person’s place in society, making its believers feel part of a community and giving them confidence Multiculturalism: An ideology that states that all cultures are of equal value and would be promoted equally within the same nation. Acculturation: The meeting of two or more cultural groups and the resulting cultural changes to each group. Assimilation: Individuals want to have daily interaction with other cultural groups and leave behind their own cultural heritage. Schools of Psychology Behaviorism: Behavioral conditioning in the forms of classical and operant conditioning. Psychoanalysis: ID: Expresses sexual and aggressive instincts; follows the pleasure principle EGO: Mediates between desires of the old and the demands of the Superego; follows the laity principle SUPEREGO: Represents conscience and the rules of society; the moral centre of the mind Humanism: Hierarchy of Needs – Describes the theory of motivation, explaining that basic needs must be fulfilled before higher-order needs become important. Safety Needs Belongingness and love Needs Esteem Needs Self-Actualization Cognitive: The mental process in the brain associated with thinking, knowing and remembering. Classical Conditioning: Created by Ivan Pavlov A kind of learning that occurs when a conditioned stimulus (CSS) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US) EX. Dog drooling test He knew he could get an unconditioned response (drooling) when he presented the unconditioned stimulus (food) To test his theory, Pavlov took a neutral stimulus (bell) and began to ring it at the same time that the dog received its food After a while, the dog began to associate the sound of the bell with receiving food, a conditioned stimulus, since it produced a conditioned response Operant Conditioning: Created by B. F. Skinner A type of learning in which an individual’s behavior is modified by its antecedents and consequences EX. Rat and pigeon experiment Skinner developed a box that had a bar on one wall When pressed, a food pellet fell into the cage Inside the box, a rat was rewarded with food each time it pressed the bar Within a short time, the rat was furiously peddling away hoarding its pellets in the cage Erik Erikson believed that humans continue to develop over their lifetime rather than just in their childhood. He also believed that individual growth depends on society, not Just personal experiences. Anxiety Disorder: Affects a person’s behavior, thoughts, emotions, and physical health. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) – Worrying, nervousness, tension Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (COD) – Obsessions and compulsions Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PUTS) – After a person is exposed a traumatic event Depression: Mood disorder involving a pervasive, unhappy, or irritable mood. It is much more severe than Just unhappiness, and may interfere with a person’s life if not treated. Bi-Polar Disorder: A mental illness characterized by periods of elevated mood and periods of depression. Behavioral Change Model Pre-contemplation: Not thinking about or intending to change a problem Contemplation: Aware of a desire to change a particular behavior Preparation: The action is intended in the near future, typically measured as within the next thirty days Action: Marks the beginning of the actual change occurring Maintenance: Maintaining this new behavior Attribution Theory: We link the behavior of others to their disposition or to an external situation. As a result, your interpretation of a person can be different than a friend’s view. We are more likely to attribute a person’s behavior to their internal disposition rather than a situation. Fundamental Attribution Theory: The tendency to overestimate the impact of arsenal disposition and underestimate the impact of social influences when analyzing the behaviors of others. Social thinking affects behavior by affecting sensation and perception. (Sensation – Activates sense receptors) (Perception – Select, organize and interpret data). Attitude affects behavior Attitudes are infectious and can affect the people that are near the person, which in turn can influence their behavior. Motivation directs behavior towards specific goals. Mental health affects behavior by creating irregular social norms. Intrinsic Motivation: Desire to perform a task for its own sake. Extrinsic Motivation: Desire to perform a task due to external factors, such as reward, threat or punishment. Attitude and Behavior Consistency Theory: Assume that individuals need consistency between attitude and behavior. Change attitude by creating inconsistency in knowledge and behavior. Learning Theories: Study the influence of stimuli on other stimuli to create an emotional response. Change attitude by using classical and operant conditioning techniques. Social Judgment Theories: Study how prior attitudes change the perspectives of persuasive messages that influence their persuasion. Changed attitude by taking fair and unbiased messages. Functional Theories: Questions proposed of attitudes. Change attitude by creating inconsistency between an attitude and a function. Structural Functionalism: Takes the view that various segments of society serve a purpose for society as a whole; they believe that social problems are temporary and institutions will improve over time. Sociologist – Emilie Druthers Conflict Theory: Expresses the view that power, not function, holds a society together. Society is seen as groups of people acting together in competition and in this, may erupt to bring about change. Sociologist – Karl Marx Symbolic Interactions: Focuses on how individuals learn about their culture – how they subjectively interpret, then act upon their social world. Sociologist – Max Weber Feminist Sociology: Focuses on women and gender equality in society. They emphasize a better understanding of the social roles of men and women in different cultures. Sociologist – Dorothy Smith Primary and Secondary Agents of Colonization Family: The family is responsible for meeting the individual’s basic needs and providing beliefs needed to survive in this world. It is within the family structure that you are first introduced to right and wrong, proper and improper, and appropriate and inappropriate. The family shapes behavior throughout life, and is the first agent a person is introduced to. A family is any combination of two or more people who are bound together over time. Types of Families Nuclear Family: A family that consists of spouses and their dependent children Extended: A family system in which several generations live together in one household Lone-parent: A family that consists of one family living with one or more pendent children Blended Family: A family in which divorced partners with children from a previous union marry Same-Sex Family: A family that consists of two individuals of the same gender, with to without kids School/Work: Lasts 12-20 years of an individual’s life. School socializes children in knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to help them function in society. Work typically lasts until the age of 65 or until the person can retire. School and work teach attitudes, and habits, such as organization, responsibility, promptness, cooperation, and respect for authority. Peer Groups: At age 2-3, children come into contact with their peer groups which brings along with it new personality types, behaviors and attitudes. Adolescent peer groups tend to influence colonization to a greater degree due to the rapid change in society. Helps to understand relationships and situations like friendliness, compromising, dealing with disappointment, and coping with rejection. Culture and Religion: Each culture has a different perception of gender roles. Society generally determines appropriate roles for a man or woman. Religion is an aspect of ultra and also plays a socializing role in a person’s life. It is usually introduced first Media: Media influences what we say, how we say it, what we think etc. Positive Influences: Informing us of new policies/laws, promoting healthy eating and exercise, encouraging family values Negative Influences: Focusing on negative aspects, promotes negative behaviors Social Identity: The way you define yourself to the world and to yourself. Life Stages Not everyone passes through them, nor do they have to occur in the same order Stereotype: An exaggerated view or Judgment made about a group or class of people. Discrimination: The act of treating groups of individuals unfairly based on their race, gender, or other common characteristics. Prejudice: An individual judgment, about or active hostility towards another social group. Formation of Discrimination Learned Theory Not innate – Learned through colonization Children often carry prejudicial views until adolescence Can learn through media Competition Theory The key reason for discrimination is economic competition Whenever an economic crisis occurs, people assume immigrants are responsible Creates competition between unemployed and immigrants Frustration-Aggression Theory Shortcomings an individual experiences financially provides reason to resent a group that appear to have greater wealth Frustration can be displaced and turned into culture Can lead to escape goats Ignorance Theory Lack of personal and social experience can cause people to make incorrect assumptions about someone If we refuse to learn, we may see actions as strange or odd Norms: Expectations about how people should behave. Sanctions: Rules within a group that encourage or discourage certain kinds or behavior. Rioting: Takes place because of civil disorder/social grievance. Panic: An irrational response by individuals or a group that is caused by a dangerous event. Abnormal Colonization Child Abuse Physical Abuse: Assault or inflicting personal harm inappropriately Neglect: The failure to provide physical or emotional necessities of life. Emotional Abuse: Repeatedly criticizing or subjecting a child to an unhappy or disturbing environment. Feral: Children deserted at a young age and were raised by animals. Ex. Joana Malay (Discovered at the age of 8 in her backyard, raised by dogs) Isolate: Children raised in near isolation within human households. How to cite Anthropology Exam Review, Papers

Effective communication level 3 health and social care free essay sample

Effective communication is important both within an organisation and externally. Effective communication improves business efficiency. Communication is about passing messages between people or organisations. Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place to another. A skill is the ability to be able to do something well, it is something that an individual can learn and improve on. An example of a skill would be being able to ride a bike or lift an elderly person properly within a care home setting. A quality is something that an individual has; it is part of an individual’s personality. A quality comes naturally to each individual. An example of a quality would be having patience or being a kind and caring person. As health care professionals everyone needs various skills and qualities but it has been said that communication is the most import one for a health care professional. Abraham Maslow studied the needs of humans and his theory was that the purpose of human life was personal growth. We will write a custom essay sample on Effective communication level 3 health and social care or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Maslow believes that communication is the most important to help meet the needs of each individual. He also believed that care workers needs effective communication because they are working with troubled people. This essay consists of the role of effective communication which contains examples within the health and social care setting to help me establish my understanding of effective communication. As a health care professional it is vital that you make sure that you develop positive relationships with your colleagues and your clients. There must be positive relations between colleagues to make sure that everything is completed to the best of everyone’s ability. Positive, supporting and caring relationships help to meet the needs of each service user. Every relationship that a health care professional has with their clients and colleagues must be respectful and trustworthy. The relationship that the health care professional has with their clients influences the care that given to each client. A positive and caring relationship is the best relationship to help the care that is given be as efficient and effective as it can be. It is important to make sure that all the clients need are met. A positive, caring relationship helps the client’s communication with the health care professionals easier than having a negative relationship. This is because the client knows that they can trust the health care professional. Example 1 When I was on work experience, in Singleton Hospital 2012 I was able to develop positive relationships with the staff on the department. I was able to do this by completing group tasks with the staff and one to one tasks with my supervisor. These were both done in two different situations, formal and informal. I worked with some patients that were in the hospital wards. I completed various activities with one patient that had a hearing impairment. I overcame this by using non-verbal types of communication like visual aids for example, pictures, signs, symbols and writing. A visual aid helps people with hearing impairments communicate easier with other people as it makes it easier for them to understand what the other person is saying. It is important to use the individuals preferred method of communication. If an individual prefers to use a different type of language then it is important that the health care professionals make sure that they do something to make sure this is what happens for the client. Example 2 Each week on placement with the college I am improving my relationships with the residents in Cwrt Clwydi Gwyn nursing home. One resident in the nursing home I already have a positive caring relationship with. I have built this relationship with the resident by sitting with them and listening to their stories. Each week I sit with them for about half an hour to make sure that I am giving them the time that they need to socialise with someone that they don’t often see. I work alongside this resident doing various activities in formal and informal situations. By sitting and listening to this resident I am helping to build a positive, caring and supporting relationship with the resident. It is important that I use the correct method of commutation that the resident would like me to use, in order to communicate with them efficiently. If the residents would like me to communicate using Finger Spelling or British Sign Language I must make sure that I do something to make sure that I am able to commutate with them the way that they would like me to. As I am unable to do British Sign Language I should ask a carer if someone who is able to do British Sign Language would not mind sitting in on the conversation. Many of the residents in the nursing home just want someone to sit in silence with them, just so they can tell their stories. They just want someone to listen to them. Example 3 When visiting my Grandfather in his nursing home I noticed that he has a positive relationship with one of the residents in the nursing home. My Grandfather built this relationship with this one resident by completing activities together. This helped them both get to know each other more and it helped their relationship improve. They both have positive relationships with each other and health care professionals around them all day long. This helps the care that is given more efficient and effective for both my Grandfather and the other resident in the nursing home. The nurse interacts with my Grandfather by using arts and crafts. As my Grandfather enjoys doing this it helps him to relax and feel more comfortable with the people around him. It is important that each health care professional is able to share and receive information correctly. It will depend on the person that the health care professional is trying to share information with on how they do this. Many people within the health care setting will have different barriers to stop certain types of communication from effectively working but there are many ways to overcome this problem. It is important that the health care professionals know how to share information efficiently with various people to make sure that the information that they would like to share with the individual gets across to them in the correct way without any confusion or misunderstanding. It is important that each health and social care professional knows what form of communication to use when they need to give different individuals different types of information, if it needs to be written down or orally presented to the individual. There are many ways that health and social care professionals can give information to others. One example of this is using a text message. If a health and social care professional is unable to attend work they may send a text to their manager to tell them this information. Example 1 During my time on my college placement I noticed that different carers within the nursing home communicate with different residents using different types of communication. One elderly woman in the nursing home is completely deaf without her hearing aids. She doesn’t like to wear them as she finds them uncomfortable, so this means she often doesn’t wear them and she cannot hear the carers when they are trying to communicate with her. This means that the carers need to find different ways to communicate with her other than communicating verbally with her. The carers write things down that they need to ask her. They also use pictures and objects of reference. An object of reference is when a certain individual associates an object as having a specific meaning like an event or activity. An example of this is showing an elderly person a tooth brush might mean that is time to brush their teeth. Example 2 Another example of sharing information, is sharing confidential information. If information needs to be kept private, then the way people communicate needs to be confidential. When I was on my first week of placement I noticed that a family member of one of the residents in the care home wanted to speak to the manger in private. The manager took the family member into to office to speak to them. They made sure that everything that was said was not over heard and could be kept private between the manager and the family member. The manager effectively communicated with the resident’s family member to make sure that the information was shared correctly. If this information was shared between the two people in a different environment then the information that was shared might have been either misunderstood or over heard by someone else. Example 3 Whilst I was on my work experience with the school in Singleton hospital, I noticed that one of the consultants in the hospital was talking to one of his patients about the results of their x-ray. The consultant was talking to their patient in the middle of the waiting room where anyone could overhear their conversation. This conversation should have been made in a private room because the subject of the conversation was a confidential subject. The consultant should have realised this before the conversation took place. Having good self-esteem can help an individual communicate effectively. Also having good effective communication can help increase an individual’s self-esteem. People with low self-esteem may find it hard to communicate. Having low self-esteem may result in the individual not being able to communicate properly so the information that the individual is trying to get across to the client or their colleagues may be incorrect or could even be misunderstood by the receiver. Having low self-esteem may stop the individual from developing strong, positive and caring relationships. This may then lower the individual’s self-esteem more. www. livestrong. com/article/187227-self-esteem-effective-communication-skills/(16-11-2013) Example 1 During the time on my college placement in Cwrt Clwydi Gwyn nursing home, I noticed that one of the carers had really low self-esteem. She was really quite when she was working with the residents and the residents found it hard to understand what she was trying to say to them. I noticed her trying to ask one of the residents what they wanted for their dinner. The resident could understand the carer as she was speaking really quiet. The resident was getting really frustrated with the carer as the resident could not understand what the carer was trying to ask them. Example 2 Another example that I noticed on my college placement was the carers that had really good self-esteem. The carers with good self-esteem and high confidence were able to communicate more effectively with the residents. One carer had really high self-esteem and was able to communicate with every resident in the nursing home. She was able to overcome all the barriers that stop communication from happening. As she could effectively communicate because she had high self-esteem the residents were able to understand the carer with no misunderstanding. Example 3 During my time on my work experience with the school, I noticed that one of the newly trained nurses on the ward found it hard to communicate with her colleagues. This is probably because she lacked in experience and didn’t have high confidence and self-esteem. She probably found it hard to develop positive relationships with her colleagues because she didn’t have high confidence to do so. Having good effective communication skills helps the individual work cooperatively with their colleagues. This is because having effective communication helps to develop positive relationships and it helps the individual to be able to commutate the information that is needed to be communicated easier and more efficient. By being able to communicate easier and effectively with their colleagues the task and work that needs to be completed will be completed quicker and easier as the colleagues are able to understand each other easier. Example 1 During my time on college placement I noticed that one carer within the nursing home found it hard to communicate with the other carers that she was working with. This made the job that they had to do together harder than it should have been. This is because the carer found it hard to work cooperatively with other people around her. The carer not being able to communicate with her colleagues makes her job harder as she is unable to share the information that is needed to complete the tasks that she needs to complete with her colleagues. I noticed that she could work efficiently when she needed to complete tasks on her own but when she needed to work with her colleagues she found it harder to communicate with them. Example 2 Most of the carers in the nursing home were able to communicate with each other efficiently to make it easier to work cooperatively with all of their colleagues. One of the carers was able to work cooperatively with every one of their colleagues. This shows that this certain carer had really good communication skills and was able to work with everyone efficiently and effectively. This makes her job much easier to complete as she is able to communicate the information that is needed for her to complete the task and the job easier. Example 3 During my time on work experience in Singleton Hospital I noticed that the nurses on the ward all worked well together as a team. They were all able to communicate well with each other to make sure that they were able to work together cooperatively. This made their job easier because everyone knew what they had to do to make sure that they were able to complete their task well as a group. Effective communication is important to help the individual preform their role effectively. Having good effective communication helps each health and social care professional complete and preform their role easier. This is because as a health and social care professional their job consists of working with many different people who may have barriers to stop communication working efficiently. Making sure that each health and social care professional is able to communicate efficiently makes their job a lot easier. www. managementstudyguide. com/role-of-communication-in-increasing-work-efficiency. htm(16-11-2013) Example 1 During my time on my college placement I noticed that one of the carers in the nursing home found it hard to communicate effectively with the residents. When she was trying to complete her job with the resident’s she did not communicate properly with them as she did not ask them if they were ready to have a bath or ready to get changed. This made the residents get really frustrated with her because some of them might have not wanted to do what the carer was doing with the resident. This made her task that she needed to complete harder. It is important that each carer asks the residents about what they want to do because they need to make sure that they are promoting independence. The relationship between the professional and the person using the service needs to develop by using good communication skills and the relationship cannot develop if the carer is making the client do something that they do not want to do. Example 2 One of the nurses on the ward that I visited on my work experience found it hard to communicate with the other nurses on the ward. This became a problem when she needed to work as a team with the other nurses. As she found it hard to communicate with others in her team, it made the task that she had to complete harder because she was unable to communicate the information that is needed. As she was a young nurse when she spoke to her colleagues and her patients she sometimes spoke using slag. This made it hard for some people to understand what she was trying to say. Example 3 During my time on my college placement I noticed that the senior carers were able to communicate well with each other and the residents in the nursing home. This made their role easier to do because they were able to communicate with the residents that have barriers to communication. One of the senior carers had to communicate with a resident that found it hard to see and hear her. The senior carer overcame this by speaking louder to the resident and showing the resident that she was there through the use of her non-verbal communication, in this case the career used touch. If she was unable to communicate efficiently she would find her job harder to complete as she would have not been able to overcome the barriers to communication. The role of communication plays an important part to help meet the needs of each individual within each health and social care setting. It is important to make sure each health care professional has effective communication skills to help provide the right care, which is effective to each client using each service. Who we communicate with will depend how health care professional communicate. Communication will depend on the context or situation.

An Analysis of a favourite Grace Nichols Poem Fear Essay Example

An Analysis of a favourite Grace Nichols Poem Fear Paper As the essay title states I am going to analyse a Poem written by Grace Nichols. Grace was born in Georgetown, Guyana, when finished school she went to university and then had several jobs before moving to England in 1977. Nichols then wrote poems mainly about racially sensitive topics, motherhood and sexuality. The poem, which I shall analyse, is called Fear. The main storyline in this poem is that a woman is worried and fears for her child living in England. I think this poem has a deeper meaning, basically about black people trying to adapt or not accepting the fact that they have to adapt to the way in which white people live. The writer of this poem sees it as blacks against whites, she feels very uncomfortable living in England, and maybe she feels out of place? Out numbered? In this poem there is much racial tension as she does not see the population to be as one, as equals. She uses words like our culture, and your own. This clearly shows that she sees white coloured people as being different to blacks. I think that she sees the world population split into two black people against the rest of the world. In fear there is a big culture clash and this is what Grace Nichols wants us to think about. We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of a favourite Grace Nichols Poem Fear specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of a favourite Grace Nichols Poem Fear specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of a favourite Grace Nichols Poem Fear specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The culture clash is the main theme running through this poem. In the first two lines of this poem our culture rub skin and against your own, we can see here that the technique used is enjambment. In these two lines we see the first signs of a tension felt by Grace Nichols between the two cultures. We know this because of several words, firstly our here we can see that Grace is sectioning her culture off, to make it us against them. Then on the next line we see against, this highlights a sense of difference, so in a different country and not around her own people. The word your suggests that she thinks she is not included in the white community or she is on the outside. From these first two lines of the poem we can see that Grace feels great tension between the two cultures and we know she feels that she is not one of us. The theme does not just occur in fear but also occurs in the other poems in which Grace Nichols has written. In two old black men on a Leicester square park bench, we also see this culture clash, these men feel unwanted in England and so lament about there homeland making themselves think that London is such a bad place to live and that the Caribbean is more like heaven. To want to go back to the Caribbean so much they must feel that blacks are unwanted and are not treat as equals. The theme in fear continues throughout the poem because we can see it in the last two lines as well as the first two, I think my childs too loving and for this fear here again we see that the technique used is enjambment and the effect that this has is that it makes us think about the two lines as one. We see a culture clash in these two lines, again, because of specific words, which have been used. Firstly my, when she uses this word, we see that she is sectioning herself of from anybody else. Everyone loves their child very much but I think that Grace Nichols thinks that her love for her child is better than anyone elses. When she says too loving I get the feeling that she has replaced the word loving from good, she thinks because she is black and living in England her life is so much more difficult than an average white coloured persons life, and therefore her child should not need to go through what she has been through. She thinks her child is too good to live in England because the majority of the population are not black and therefore her baby will not be accepted and treat as an equal in this country. I will now analyse the mood and atmosphere in this poem, and try to show the feelings of the reader. In fear I feel that the mood is very uncomfortable because we are reading about someone who is not content with everyday life of living in England. As we are English citizens who are reading this poem, we obviously do not agree with what Grace Nichols thinks and because we are content with the everyday life of living in England this I think therefore makes the mood and atmosphere very uncomfortable. Another way in which this poem could be said as being uncomfortable is in the way Grace Nichols feels. It is obvious she is uncomfortable with the fact that she is living in England and this therefore makes the mood and atmosphere of the poem uncomfortable. Ask, are you going back sometime? This quote is one, which shows the atmosphere and mood, it does this by almost suggesting she is not wanted. Grace Nichols feels as if this question is what us white people are always thinking, as if we feel that she doesnt belong here which shows a sense of being uncomfortable. When the reader reads this poem they are almost forced not to agree or accept the point that Grace Nichols is putting across. She is basically saying that blacks are not accepted in England, which would therefore make us racist. When the reader realizes what Grace is saying, we think she is prejudice because she thinks all whites dont accept blacks, she does not know all white people and so therefore is prejudging many of us. When reading this I am sure many readers feel anger. The reason for this is that many readers will feel Grace is prejudice. And here? Here this quote in particular may make readers feel anger and the reason for this is that Grace dismisses the thought of London straight away. She has just described her homeland and in the next stanza she does not bother to compare it to London. Here is repeated to create the effect of dismissing the thought of London and that she obviously doesnt have much positive to say about the city. So therefore when readers from this city or country read this line they may feel great anger towards the writer, as she cannot say one decent thing about London. In the next section of this essay I am going to try to analyse how the poem is written and the way in which the language is used. To do this I shall pick out interesting words and phrases from the poem and describe what effect they have on the poem. When reading this poem several times, one of the most noticeable lines is home is where the heart lies this is very interesting because it could have two different meanings. In this line Grace has been very clever and left spaces to emphasise the word lies. This word could mean one of two things, lies as in where the heart rests or lies as in not telling the truth. If taken as where the heart rests then the author is conveying a sense of homesickness. If taken in the sense that at home the heart doesnt tell the truth then we know that Grace is feeling no homesickness at all. Personally I think the author is feeling homesickness and so when writing this line meant it to be where the heart can rest. Obviously the heart never rests, otherwise the author would be dead but in this line the word heart is a metaphor and stands for feelings, emotions and soul. In relating this line back to the whole poem I feel that because of the authors homesickness, this could be a reason why she has such a dislike for England, she misses her homeland too much and England just cant match up to the place where she feels most comfortable. This technique of writing a line in which can be taken as two different meanings does not just occur in this poem. In other poems that Grace Nichols has wrote we see her leaving the reader with several options to think about. For example in the poem childhood the line half stunned I watched is a line in which could be taken as two different meanings. From earlier lines in the poem we know that a little girl is watching a fish being killed, but when coming to this particular line is it the fish which is half stunned or is it the little girl who is half stunned? So here we can see that Grace obviously finds this technique effective in her writing and uses it in more than just one poem. Another line in which I found to be intriguing was You say youre civilised, in this line I get the impression that a bit of sarcasm is used. When writing this line does Grace Nichols mean she has seen no sign of civilisation yet from the English people or does she mean that we are civilised people but that isnt enough for her, she wants something more than civilisation. On the word You emphasis has been used by using a capital letter, this maybe suggests that she is directing this phrase at a particular person and if this is correct it suggests anger towards this person. If anger is shown to somebody then does this not mean that the narrator isnt being civilised? Someone might even say she has contradicted herself in this line. I think that when Grace Nichols wrote this line she was almost asking a question of the white community. When telling us we say that we say we are civilised she is wondering where this civilisation is because she feels like she is not treat as an equal in England. Almost challenging the white people to come out and prove that they are civilised and prove that Grace Nicholss opinion of England and her opinion of white people in England is wrong. When looking at the four lines in the fifth stanza we can see that Grace is talking and reminiscing about her homeland. I come from a backyard Where the sun reaches down Mangoes fall to the ground In the first two lines here we see the technique of enjambment. In this first line I come from a backyard in using the word I she wants us to feel sorry for her. This line is fairly easy to understand and is just saying that she has never really had a luxurious life and has always been from a poor family with little money. This is probably one of the reasons why she moved to England, she would be able to receive more income. When linking this line with the second line where the sun reaches down we can see that by using the technique of enjambment, another language technique is used. This is personification, and this is because Grace is trying to show that the sun reaches down into her backyard. So therefore the sun is picking her country above all others, so she thinks her country is special. As well as personification this line is also a metaphor because the sun does not actually reach down. I think Grace likes to see herself as a special person from a special country because on the next line there is more use of personification. mangoes fall to the ground in this line Grace is showing the reader that the idea of exotic fruits pick this country out as the sun did. Her country is special because they get excess amounts of mangoes and other countries get no exotic fruit falling to their ground at all. In these three lines in which I have just analysed we can see that Grace is very proud of her country and thinks that it is special. The structure of these three lines is also important when reading the poem. Grace firstly tells us that her country is poor so we therefore will feel sorry for her; she then says that the sun picks this country above all others to be hot and then she lets us know that exotic fruits drop on the ground of this particular country. These three lines are structured this way because if the first line was not first then the technique of enjambment could not be used and if this technique was not used then we would not look at the second line as being personification. So if these two techniques were not used in this section of the poem then these lines would have less significance and not have a deeper meaning, so we can conclude that this poem writing was good because she used the words that she had in the best possible way. I find this poem to be very interesting and intriguing and this is the main reason why I chose to do my essay on it. There are many interesting lines which have a deeper meaning that what is wrote on the surface, for example home is where the heart lies, in this line I saw much opportunity to expand on what Grace is trying to say, there is a much more deeper, sensitive meaning to this line. To have an opinion on this poem I think that you would have had to maybe spend some of your childhood living in Grace Nichols homeland because at least then you might understand where she is coming from in some lines. For example I think my child is too loving for this fear what fear? I understand that she is worried that her child will not be accepted in England but she says it as if all white people are going to murder black people the second they step outside, when we and her both know that this is not true. This is why I find it hard to have an opinion on the poem because if maybe I had grown up with Grace in this wonderful special country that she describes, then I might understand a bit more about this so called fear that she has. I chose this poem above the rest because as I stated before I saw many lines with deeper meanings and I feel it was a more personal poem than the rest. The feelings in this poem are real feelings that someone feels and I wanted to try and find out why she felt this way. I now have a better understanding of her feelings. This poem was my favourite because I felt it had more meaning than the others and a more interesting way of expressing the authors feelings.

Definition and Examples of Metanoia

Definition and Examples of Metanoia Metanoia is a  rhetorical term for the act of self-correction in speech or writing. Also known as  correctio or the figure of afterthought. Metanoia may involve amplifying or retracting, strengthening or weakening a prior statement. The effect of  metanoia, says Robert A. Harris, is  to provide emphasis (by fussing over a term and redefining it), clarity (by providing the improved definition), and a sense of spontaneity (the reader is thinking along with the writer as the writer revises a passage) (Writing with Clarity and Style, 2003). EtymologyFrom the Greek, change ones mind, repent Examples and Observations Kreuz Market is the ultimate barbecue restaurant- no, scratch that- barbecue experience in Central Texas (and therefore the world).You might have heard a pin fall- a pin! a feather- as he described the cruelties  inflicted on muffin boys  by their masters . . ..(Charles Dickens,  Nicholas Nickleby, 1839)To Put It a Better Way . . .  [W]ithout that association, that sense of membership in something- or to put that a better way, without a sense of belonging and participation in a group effort, the employee loses focus on what were trying to accomplish.(Unnamed president of a media company quoted in The Servant Leader, by James A. Autry. Prima Publishing, 2001)Let Me Correct That . . .Shortly after I came to Washington I was told in a way that showed me it was no loosely thought out- let me correct that statement. I was told in a serious way that Mr. Finletter- or rather, I was told by Mr. Finletter that he had serious question as to the loyalty of Dr. Oppenheimer.(David Tressel Griggs, witness at physicist J. Robert Oppenheimers hearing before the Atomic Energy Commissions Personnel Security Board, May 1954. In the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer: The Security Clearance Hearing, ed. by Richard Polenberg. Cornell University Press, 2002) Or More Properly Speaking . . .The meal, when beaten up, is used for thickening broths, and rolled up into bolsters about a foot long and two inches in diameter, and then wrapped in plantain leaves, and tied round with tie-tie and boiled, or more properly speaking steamed, for a lot of the rolls are arranged in a brass skillet. . . . [T]he whole affair is poised on the three cooking-stones over a wood fire, and left there until the contents are done, or more properly speaking, until the lady in charge of it has delusions on the point, and the bottom rolls are a trifle burnt or the whole insufficiently cooked.(Mary H. Kingsley, Travels in West Africa, 1897)For my own part, cried Peregrine, with great eagerness, I appeal to Miss Sophys decision. But why do I say appeal? Though I am conscious of having committed no offence, I am ready to submit to any penance, let it be ever so rigorous, that my fair enslaver herself shall impose, provided it will entitle me to her favour and forgivenes s at last.(Tobias Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, 1751) The Persuasive Value of Metanoia- Metanoia can have mild persuasive value. The speaker may utter a less controversial claim, then revise it to make it stronger. This brings the reader along more gently than announcing the stronger claim on its own. Or conversely the stronger claim may be offered first but then reduced to something less ambitious that seems easy to accept by comparison. . . .Metanoia can create an impression of scrupulousness, as the speaker starts to say one thing but then feels obliged to take the initiative in correcting it. (It also can suggest overscrupulousness, as when the speaker fusses too much.)(Ward Farnsworth, Farnworths Classical English Rhetoric. David R. Godine, 2011)-  Metanoia can serve a variety  of rhetorical ends. Stopping to correct oneself disrupts the flow of discourse, drawing attention to and emphasizing the revision.  Or, in a move similar to  paralipsis, retracting a statement allows the speaker to introduce an idea or claim and then avoid responsibility for having done so.  Sometimes strengthening an  initially mild or uncontroversial statement (or qualifying an initially strong one) can persuade an audience by making the speaker seem more reasonable.(Bryan A. Garner,  Garners Modern English Usage. Oxford University Press, 2016) Finding the Right Word[I]t seemed to me that there was a safe and unassailable foundation for our claim to interfere on behalf of British subjects, and that was the right which every State possesses to protect its subjects in another State from wrong. That was a right which we possessed in an unusual degree in South Africa owing to the peculiar position of the country- a country where there were two races side by side, both of them determined in their opinions, with a history of their own, and jealous of their independence. Perhaps independence is not the right word to use. I mean, rather, jealous of the equality of their rights.(John Wodehouse, Earl of Kimberly, Address in Answer to the Queens Speech, Oct. 17, 1899)I Should Say . . .I rather was minded to make known to you that I- or, I should rather say, we, and Mr. Crawley pointed to his wifeshall not accept your plainness of speech as betokening aught beyond a conceived idea in furtherance of which you have thought it expedient t o make certain inquiries.I dont quite follow you, said the major.(Anthony Trollope, The Last Chronicle of Barset, 1874) Pronunciation: met-a-NOY-ah

The Illinois Supreme Courts Health Care Ruling Assignment

The Illinois Supreme Courts Health Care Ruling - Assignment Example Many retirees, especially those with many dependants cannot afford high-quality healthcare after retiring. The new reform in the constitution will be helpful to them. By implementing the changes, the government claims that it is fulfilling its obligation of protecting its citizens. It is the government’s obligation to protect the health and safety of its people. The state government officials also claim that the implementation of the new reforms may increase the government spending. However, it is a long-term solution to the problems facing the pension systems (Plume 1). Some people claim that the new reform will have more harm than benefits to the economy of the state (Job 1). They claim that the new pension system will increase the cost of living for citizens in Illinois. This is because the pension plan will increase pressure on the government budget. As result, the government will respond by increasing taxation that will, in turn, increase inflation rate. Others also claim that the new reforms do not effectively address the pension problems previously experienced by state workers. For instance, in the year 2012 retires complain of delayed pension. According to critics of the new ruling, including free healthcare in the pension system will only make the problem worse (Job 1). This is because the pension problem was caused by underfunding of the Illinois retirement system. They think that instead of including free healthcare in the system, the government should focus on improving the funds of the existing retirement system. In addition, they claim that the new system will lead to the increase in the monthly premiums of state workers in order to compensate for the free healthcare after retirement. Instead of protecting workers, the critics claim that the ruling will make their lives more difficult. This will worsen the premium issue that was facing the government the previous year (Olsen 1). The new court ruling is an effective way of protecting and improving the lives of retirees in the state.  Ã‚  

CJUS 310 DB7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CJUS 310 DB7 - Essay Example This discussion focuses on the last phase of the juvenile court process referred to as disposition. After the verdict has been passed and the defendant found guilty, the judge orders the department of juvenile justice to prepare a predisposition report. This is aimed at recommending endorsements for the defendant (Krygier, 2009). The report usually entails the background, the family status and criminal history of the defendant. It is normally completed and served to the judge, defense attorney, the defendant and the assistant state attorney. The report also contains the recommended sentence that has been passed to the defendant for the judge to review. The report is not completed for all cases there are others that are an exception (Shoemaker, 2009). The case then proceeds to a dispositional hearing. Here, the judge sentences the defendant according to the crime committed and the circumstances that led to the case. The sentence may be imposed in two ways; either the defendant may be put under probation or may be committed to the department of juvenile justice (Krygier, 2009). Both sentences however do not go beyond the nineteenth birthday of the defendant. In cases where the defendant is put in probation, he/she is expected to complete community service work or letters of apology. This is usually not time conscious since as soon the juvenile serves as it expected of them the sentence may be terminated (Krygier, 2009). On the contrary when the juvenile is committed to the department of juvenile justice, their sentences are time associated (Shoemaker, 2009). In such instances then the court identifies the restriction that is most appropriate. Currently there are four commonly known levels of commitment. These are low risk programmes, moderate risk programmes, high risk programmes and lastly the juvenile prison (Shoemaker,

How would you describe International Political Economy Essay - 1

How would you describe International Political Economy - Essay Example Consequently, interactions define cooperation amongst nations and corporations in various countries. Hence, it is essential to note that governments have a responsibility of defining economic policies that determine transaction of international trade. Thus, the government’s role in defining economic policies enhances international relations in terms of the economy and politics while international forces in the economy can influence the policies of governments in international relations. Based on the foregoing, this expose describes international political economy on the foundation of interaction between international politics and the global economy. Frieden and Lake defined international political economy as the study involving the reciprocated interaction of politics and the economy in the global economic world (1). Following this perspective, it is common knowledge that the economy is the system that governs the processes constituting manufacturing, supplying, and consumption of products while managing a nation’s wealth efficaciously. On the other hand, politics is the approach towards governing a society and the society’s economy. In effect, international political economy involves studying the relationship between economic systems and political systems in the international arena. Political decisions and actions of nations influenced the flow of products in international trade. In effect, these political actions and decisions influenced the choice of decisions made by nations and entrepreneurs due to the prevailing economic environment (Veseth 3). In this case, international economy and international politics a re two mutually interacting aspects that governments and businesses should consider while developing policies meant to enable a nation to develop by participating in international trade. Despite this knowledge, it is possible for economists to disassociate international

Processes of Employee Resourcing

Processes of Employee Resourcing INTRODUCTION EMPLOYEE RESOURCING PROCESS Employee resourcing process is a part of human resourcing management which addresses one of the core areas of human resource practices: recruitment and selection. The greatest and most precious Assets of any organization is its employees and the most successful organizations comprise of a well formulated strategy and better management of human resources. The major role of human resource management is acquiring the employee services, developing their skills motivating them to high levels of performance And ensure that they continue to maintain their commitment to organizational objectives that leads to the implementation of organizational Strategy. Now considering the broad of context of global recession with increasing competition and scarcity, for Modern corporation for operating in its core firms the large scale employment is both a constraint and opportunity, where we can see the birth of strategic human resource management. In order to say employee resourcing process supports strategic human resource management, by considering the facts we can see that the strategic management of human resources is spread in successive layers of organization, which is addressing some fundamental environmental demands starting from hiring the right people for participation, motivating them to achieve organizational objectives. EMPLOYEE RESOURCING PROCESS SUPPORTING STRATEGIC HRM Resourcing is a process which helps management to establish and then change the behaviour of employees and increase their competencies too. Strategies of resourcing are basically two: Recruitment: Recruitment is the process by which an applicant is attracted towards the company and where the organization sells itself as an attractive workplace. Selection: Selection is the process in which a candidate is given a job from the pool of applicants, even assessing the applicant’s performance in accordance with the legislation and companies requirements. Selection is different from requirement, where recruitment technically precedes selection. Recruitment involves identifying the sources of manpower and stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organizations. On the other hand selection is the process choosing best out of recruited. Recruitment aims at increasing the number of applications for increasing the selection ratios. SELECTION PROCESS According to Gupta (2006), selection is a process of choosing the most suitable persons out of all the participants. In this process, relevant information about applicant is collected through series of steps so as to evaluate their competence for the job to be filled. Selection is the process of assessing the candidates by various means and making a choice followed by an offer of employment (Graham, 1998, p.206). The selection process includes all activities related to internal movement of people across positions in departments and as well as hiring. The process should match the available human resources to jobs or positions in the organization. The main strategic concern is Design, Careful attention should be given to Design a selection system that supports the organizational strategy. For example if a company plans to diversify or is going to change its strategy a careful analysis should be made of the types of people who will be needed to staff the new business or businesses and also parallel analysis should be made of general availability Of such person. Even though some Companies say that this type of planning will not yield a sufficient return on their investment of Time and energy, they say that they will go out and hire the appropriate people from the competition, if necessary, when they are needed. Strategic fit is the key to the success of any recruitment and selection activity. Gathering of evidence and information does selection process from a variety of sources, most commonly by interviews, assessment centre’s, psychometric tests and references. Any selection method must be job related. Generally there are four stages of selection where these stages are again divided. Short-list from evidence supplied Selection process Assessment of evidence from all sources Validating selection 1. Short-listing Short-listing can be a difficult process if supply far exceeds demand or if the criteria specified for the job are so general that they fail to act as self-selecting filter. In some organizations, short-listing can be fairly arbitrary but in others an objective assessment against the job description and person specification or competency requirements will take place. 2. Selection It is unusual for one selection method to be used alone. A combination of two or more methods is generally used. A. Application forms Forms were considered to act as a useful preliminary to employment interviews and decisions. This made sorting of applications and short listing easier and enabled interviewers to use the form as the basis for the interview. Generally these are used as a straight forward way of giving a standard synopsis of applicant’s history. B. Telephone interviewing These can be used if speed is particularly important, and if geographical distance is an issue, as interviews with appropriate candidates can be arranged immediately. CIPD (2006) report that 56% of organizations use this method of selection. Positive aspect is content will be concentrated rather than person. Interviews Various interviews include one-to-one, one-to-two, panel, sequential and behavioral interviews.( these interviews are not discussed in brief as they are discussed in detail in the below 2nd section) C. Tests The use of tests in employment procedures is surrounded by for and against feelings. Tests can be seen as giving credibility to selection decisions in strategic aspects. Different types of tests include 1.Psychological tests, 2. General intelligence tests, 3. Special attitude tests, 4. Trainability tests, 5. Attainment tests. 6. Aptitude tests, 3. Assessments centre’s Assessment centre’s is a multi method strategy for selection and may include interviews and psychometric tests. Assessment centers are developed from the recruitment criteria. For each dimension identified for a particular job role a variety of exercises or tasks are developed to test that dimension. Design of an assessment centre is crucial and needs to be specific to the vacancy being filled and to the organization. 4. Validation of selection procedures The critical information that is important for determining validity is the selection criteria used, the selection process used, and evaluation of individual at the time of selection and current performance of individual. It is useful for validation process if a record is made of the scores that each achieved in each part of the selection process. Test results are easy to quantify and for interview results a simple grading can be used. This includes medical checks and reference checks. Reference check helps to confirm (or deny) the information received from the employee resourcing process (factual check) and/or provide evidence of character or ability (character reference). Factual reference gives an indication of the candidate’s previous experience, his /her suitability and development potential Useful to provide the referee with a job description and ask his/her questions about the candidate’s previous job performance and relate this to the position on offer. Structured telephone reference check is the most beneficial way to obtain the information as people are usually more forthcoming with verbal feedback than written information. If the company does supply a reference it must be accurate. Employee resourcing policy should state clearly whose reference will be used, when in the process they will taken up and what kind of references will be necessary (e.g. from former employers). Objectives of Selection The basic idea in a selection process is to solicit maximum possible information about the candidates to ascertain their suitability for employment. Various steps involved in a selection process. Firstly, the selection process depends upon the type of personnel to be selected. For example, more info is required for the selection of managerial person when compared with subordinate workers. Secondly, it depends on the sources of recruitment and the method that is adopted for making contact with prospective candidates. For example in case of advertisement, selection process is more comprehensive and time-consuming, where as in the case of campus recruitment the process is shortened Thirdly, it also depends upon on the number of candidates that are available for selection. If the number is large enough, there is a need for creating various filtering points and reducing the number of applicants at each successive point. There is no standard selection procedure to be used in all organizations or for all jobs. The complexity of selection procedures increases with the level and responsibility of the position to be filled. Therefore, the strategy and the method used for selecting employees varies from firm to firm and form one job to another. Selection Interviews Legislation underpinning the selection process in strategically aspects â€Å"Law is not an abstract thing, it’s a living organism Since it’s applied on living human beings â€Å" Impact of legislation on selection process Right from the starting legislation has greatly influenced the selection process. Legislation is geared to remove discrimination from the process and ensure equal opportunity. Any selection process is designed to discriminate, but it is on the grounds of who has the best skills and abilities which fits the job and nothing else. Lester says, â€Å"When people sell their services and spend their lives in the premises of the purchaser of the services, a varying amount of dissatisfaction, discontent, industrial unrest likely to occur Hence the need for employee legislations. The employee legislation, labour legislation, human resource legislation whatever name it may be called refers to one and same concepts that cover a number of legislations passed by the governments. As the companies invest a lot through joint ventures or own source will definitely look towards concept of maximizing profit, which will lead to exploitation of Human resources and the executives Needs to be trained in the labour legislations, sociology, psychology, and psychiatry aspects. Now we will discuss the Federal laws and state laws specifying required, acceptable and prohibited employment practices, place constraints on recruitment, selection, placement and training and other human resource activities. Facts and resources say legislation and regulations enacted by governments have a direct impact on area of HRM policy and practice in which they are concerned. Moon (1991) noted there is an impact of legislation in areas such as equal opportunity, occupational health and safety and industrial relations in Australia. Moore and Devereaux Jennings stated, †In Canada, to a considerable extent, legal regulations shape human resources policies and constrain HRM practices.† Source: ( Bob Kane, Ian palmer.1995.International Journal of Man power: page no 11-19,viewed on December 3rd 2008 ,15:16) link- .http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewPDF.jsp?contentType=ArticleFilename=html/Output/Published/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Pdf/0160160501.pdf) From the above figure we can easily identify the potential influences of legislation on HRM. LEGISLATIONS IN UNITED KINGDOM If we take United Kingdom, the employment laws are concerned with deterring employers from discriminating. There are two major acts of parliament that govern sex discrimination matters in UK, they are the Equal Pay Act 1970 and the Sex Discrimination Act 1975. Sex discrimination is an area of law which has been one of EU competence so appeals can be made to the European court of justice. Sex discrimination Act and Racial Relations Act Under this terms of Sex discrimination act(SDA) and the Race relations act 1976 (RRA), it is unlawful to discriminate in employment-including recruitment, training and promotion-on the grounds of a person’s sex or martial status (SDA) or their race, colour ,nationality, ethinic and national orgin (RRA) Three different types of discrimination is defined under this act Direct discrimination Indirect discrimination Victimisation Gender Reassignment Sexual orientation Genuine occupational orientation Race relations amendment act 2000 Disability discrimination Act Under the terms of this act (DDA) discrimination will arise if , for a reason which relates to the person’s disability, the employer treats that person less favourably than it treats or would treat others who are not disabled ,unless there is a substantial justifaction. Under this act a disabled person is defined as anyone with â€Å"physical or mental impairment which has substantial and long term adverse effect on his/her ability to carry out normal day to day activities. Employers are expected to make â€Å"reasonable adjustments† to accommodate people with disabilities. Religious cultural beliefs Under this act no applicant should receive less favourable treatment on the grounds of his/her religion. This legislation out lawing discrimination on grounds of religion was introduced in UK in December 2003, Effectively it prohibits direct indirect discrimination, harassment and victimization on the grounds of religion or belief. Ageism Employment Equality(age) regulations 2006 came into force on 1 october 2006, They prohibit unjustified direct and indirect age discrimination, and all harassment and victimization on grounds of age. Equal pay act The Equal pay act means that men and women in the same employment have the right to equality in the terms of their employment contract. This applies where the person is engaged on like work, the work is related as equivalent work and also considered to be of equal value. Rehabilitation of offenders act The rehabilitation of offenders Act concerns the employment with a criminal record. If a person has been convicted of an offense, provides they have not been re-convicted for a further offense during a specific period. The person( job applicant) is required to disclose it, if asked by an employer. Data protection act This act applies to personal data held in a structured way in a medium (paper, computer, microfiche, tape, etc). To comply with Act, information must be collected and used fairly ,stored safely and not disclosed to anyone unlawfully. There are eight data protection principles set out in the act. Processed fairly and lawfully; Obtained and processed for specified purposes Adequate, relevant and not excessive Accurate and update Held for no longer than necessary Processed in accordance with subject rights Kept secure; Not transferable outside the European economic area –unless equivalent levels of protection for personal data exist. Asylum and immigration act Under the asylum and immigration act the employer could be guilty of a criminal offense if they employ someone who doesn’t have permission to work in UK . This act applies to all temporary, permanent and casual appointments. The fixed –term employees regulations 2002 This regulation on fixed-term employees came into effect from 1 october 2002. The regulations are intended to protect employees engaged on fixed term contracts from being treated less favorably than comparable employees on indefinite contracts. All the above regulations were made, not only for the employee but also for the employer so that the employment can be upholded. These regulations can affect the selection process so that no job applicant will receive less favorable treatment on the grounds of political belief, sex, sexual orientation, disability, marital status, race, nationality, ethnic origin, religion or social crisis. Orange.co.uk Cipd.co.uk 1000ventures.com Hrmguide.co.uk Hr.com

Sports and Race in Washington, DC Essay -- Essays Papers

Sports and Race in Washington, DC In 1947, Jackie Robinson broke Major League baseball’s color barrier. He went on to become a symbol of positive change in the United States, an early indicator of the impending civil rights movement. During the 1940s, ‘50s, and ‘60s African-Americans were gradually hired into each of the major professional sports leagues. In fact, the sports arena was one of the first places where blacks were accepted on a national scale. However, not all professional sports teams welcomed black athletes with open arms. Unfortunately, segregation in professional sports occurred right here in the District long after Jackie Robinson played his first game for the Dodgers. The National Football League’s Washington Redskins, who played their home games in the District of Columbia, were still segregated in 1961. Not only were the Redskins still segregated, they were the only team in the NFL who had not yet signed a black player. The owner of the Redskins, George Preston Marshall, was a pompous racist, unwilling to curb his prejudices. Marshall’s only concerns were making money and staying loyal to stodgy and bigoted politicians in power at the time. Marshall paralleled the governmental institutions of the early 1960s. He conducted business and made money at the expense of African-Americans and ignored their needs, just as the government often ignored the needs of African-Americans of Washington. In fact, the Redskins’ target audience until the mid-sixties was primarily not Washington, DC, but the south. America’s south, like the District of Columbia, had a large African-American population that had been abused for hundreds of years with the institutions of slavery, and segregation. African-Ameri... ... though unintentionally, the move will be in the direction of a constituency they cultivated for a good deal of their existence† (Denlinger M4). The â€Å"constituency† that Denlinger is speaking of is the south. For years, Marshall marketed his team to a white southern audience with radio and television contracts. At the time of Marshall’s ownership the south was an area of the United States that was home to rampant racism. To George Marshall, the southern audience was key; it seemed to enjoy the all white Redskins in the 1950s, and supported the team. Building the team a stadium outside of the city would simply bring the team back into the shadow of George Marshall. Marshall catered to a southern audience during his time as owner, just as Cooke wished to cater to suburbanites with his stadium plan. In both cases, the fan base of the District appears to be ignored.

Napoleon and Snowball (Animal Farm) Essay

George Orwell’s Animal Farm is an allegorical novel that reflects events such as the Bolshevik revolution, the economic reform by Trotsky the Russian famine in 1921 and during the Stalin era before the Second World War. The pigs represent the communist leadership, and the rest of the animals on the farm symbolize the different parts of Russian society and how the communist takeover of Russia affected them. Two main characters, Snowball and Napoleon (who symbolize Trotsky and Stalin), engages in a political struggle, as both of them wanted to have the power to lead all of the animals. Although Napoleon wins the struggle in the end, Snowball’s political strategy is better than the corrupted leadership of Napoleon. Snowball cares more about the living condition of the animals. Compared to Napoleon, Snowball knows the meaning of â€Å"Animalism†, which is animals are equal and it should lead the animals to a better life. Snowball is interested in reading all kinds of books to enrich his scope of knowledge to make the animals work easier. For example, he declares the windmill idea from a book of the Jones. Also Snowball is very brave; he has studied the book of Julian Caesar and successfully led through the Battle of the Cowshed while Napoleon was hiding himself in the barn. Snowball has an intelligent and friendly character. Unlike Napoleon, Snowball never forces someone to agree with his ideas. Instead, he is good at explaining how his ideas work and persuades all the animals to believe and trust his ideas. Unlike Napoleon, Snowball does not need Squealer’s help, he can do the explaining part all by himself. Napoleon has his own ways to control other animals such as the dogs and Squealer but Snowball has different way which is the committees. Snowball seems to work better within the political system. Napoleon goes around it. Napoleon, for instance, he understands the role of force in political control and uses his attack dogs to expel Snowball from the farm. Napoleon seems to have a powerful, self-centered desire for control, while Snowball seems to think of himself as a genius who should be the one to guide the farm toward success. Snowball is the only one who knows the real meaning of â€Å"Animalism†, and he is putting out true effort to make the living standard of the animals better than before, and insists everyone is equal. After the expel of Mr. Jones, the Animal Farm is supposed to be democracy, all of the animals should decide how to do things together, any one animal to rise to greater power than any other would violate that ideal, and make Animal Farm indistinguishable from a human farm. On the other hand the only thing that Napoleon thinks about is how to gain more power and personal benefit from the farm. Snowball always comes up with some long-term plans and on the other hand Napoleon can only come up with some short-term plans. In conclusion, Snowball’s political strategy is better then the corrupted leadership of Napoleon.

Commercial law case analyse Essay

Commercial Law Term Paper (Case Analysis) Pro-Gordon C. Johnson June 18, 2013 9th Edition Chapter 5-Case 5 Summary: Marie-Claude operated a bowling alley in a commercial area that was adjacent to a residential area. Many small children used the parking lot near the bowling alley as a playground, and Marie-Claude was constantly tell these children leave the parking area maybe they will get injured. However, one six years old boy climb onto the flat roof of the bowling alley and while he is running, tripped and fell to the ground. But Marie-Claude continued to order the child off the roof by several times when he was on the roof. Analysis: this situation can apply on Trespassers of Occupier Liability and Negligence of the concept of Foreseeability through the Supreme Court of Canada. For plaintiff: the occupier of the building warns the child of any dangers that exist on the property. Meanwhile, according to the concept of Foreseeability part, a very small child of tender years would not be held liable in tort, but children in their early teens, depending upon the extent of their maturity and level of understanding, nay very well is held responsible for their actions. This case belongs to unintentional acts of a person caused injury to others. For defendant: Owners of buildings, construction sites or those who construct dangerous structures on their premises in neighborhoods where small children live have a special duty to protect the children from harm or injury. On the other hands, the outcome for this situation maybe is Compensatory damages or Nominal damages. For compensatory: the loss suffered by a person in a negligence case in the loss of or damage to property. For nominal: when a person trespasses on the land of another without inflicting physical damage to the property. Chapter 7-Case 3 Summary: Armstrong Aggregates Co. wrote a letter to Bishop on May 2nd offering to sell him 200 tons of scrap mica at $180 per ton. Bishop received the letter on May 3rd. A few weeks later, Bishop checked the price of mica which is $185. On May 22nd, Bishop wrote to this company that is accepting this offer. But this company did not receive this letter until May 30th. And Armstrong refused to sell mica to Bishop at $187 instead of $180 because the price was increasing. Analysis: This situation should belong to Offer and Acceptance Section. An offer is not valid until it is received by the offered, and the offeror is not limited by the offer until such time as it is accepted according to Communication of an Offer. So in this case, Bishop received the letter on May 3rd, before May 3rd, it is not bounded. On may 22nd, Bishop wrote to this company and accepted this offer. According to Acceptance of an Offer, the acceptance must take the form if certain words or acts in accordance with the offer that will indicate to the offeror that the offeree has accepted the offer. In addition, the acceptance of the offer takes place when the letter of acceptance, properly addressed and the postage paid, is placed in the postbox or post office. So for Bishop (defendant), it obeys the rules of an offer and acceptance. For Armstrong Aggregates Company (plaintiff), they cannot change their offer by increasing the offer because Bishop had already accepted the offer and sent to this company on May 22nd. Meanwhile, the company did not communicate with Bishop about change the price. Therefore, this action is not valid and this company should still accept this offer at $180. Chapter 10-Case 2 Summary: Habitation Apartments Ltd. borrowed $500,000 from their Good Times bank and secured the loan by way of a three-year mortgage on its apartment building. And the president of the corporation personally guaranteed repayment of the loan. Several years later, as a result of dispute between shareholders and a new president and Board of Directors were selected by the shareholders. As part of organization, they rearrange its mortgage loan with  the bank. The bank agreed to extend the loan for a further three-year term but at a higher interest rate. A year later, as a result of tenant problems and a high vacancy rate, the corporation was unable to meet its mortgage payments and the mortgage went into default. Analysis: This case should address in the Guarantee of Assumed Liability section. The guarantee always involves at least three parties: a principal debtor, a creditor, and the guarantor. The guarantor’s role in a guarantee agreement is to provide a promise of payment in the form of a contingent liability. In this case, Habitation Apartment Ltd and the bank are only two parties and they do not have formal writing document. Because of the unique relationship between the parties, the guarantee must be in writing to be enforceable. For plaintiff: the Habitation Apartment Ltd should mortgage on its apartment building, because the president of the corporation guaranteed repayment of the loan and they should obey their contract. For defendant: before the contract come into effect, the leader of the bank should consider these problems, for example, the interest rate will be go up. They should tell the corporation this situation will happen and a condition that must be satisfied. In addition, they should as their original contract to conduct their liabilities no matter they rearrange the financing or increase their interest rate. The corporation of the apartment should return repayment as the original interest rate. Chapter 13-Case 4 Summary: Hansen admired a sports car that Sports Motor Sales Ltd. wished to sell. Hansen informed the company salesman that he would buy the automobile if he could obtain a loan from the bank to cover part of the 17000 asking price. The salesman agreed to hold the car until Hansen could check with his bank. And Hansen discussed a loan with his bank manager and he said he would be prepared to make a 5000 loan through approval from the regional office. As a result, Hansen then entered into a written agreement with Sports Motor Sales Ltd. Then both parties signed the agreement. A few days later, the bank manager said he had problem with the loan approval. As a result, he could lend 4000 instead of 5000. Analysis: According to Condition Precedent, when a condition precedent is agreed upon, the agreement is prepared and signed; only the performance is postponed pending the fulfillment of the condition. Once fulfilled, performance is necessary to affect discharge. If the condition is not met, it then has the effect of discharging both parties from performance. Because the loan approval has some problems, both parties did not fulfill the condition of the approval, so the Moto Sales Ltd. should charge for this mistakes. At the same time, a Material Alteration of the terms of existing agreement has the effect of discharging the agreement and replacing it with a new one containing the material alternation. The alternation of the terms of the existing agreement must be of a significant nature before the contract will be discharged by the change. If the loan approval has some problems, so the bank can agree Hansen to discharge it and replace it with a new agreement. So the bank does not need to give himself 1000 short. In addition, according to Novation, the parties may also discharge an existing agreement by mutually agreeing to a change in the terms of the agreement or to a change in the parties to the agreement, so at least one party should agree to substitute or replace it.